Whether it is purifying the air in the factory or protecting the health of workers, installing dust removal equipment is a better method. Different dust removal methods have different actual effects. Below are several common welding workshop dust removal processes and equipment.

(1)焊接煙塵凈化器凈化

(1) Welding fume purifier purification

焊接煙塵凈化器凈化是工位除塵的常見的除塵方式。焊煙凈化器有別于普通的工位除塵，焊煙凈化器在進(jìn)行煙塵凈化時可以不鋪裝集中管路，是將單個工位產(chǎn)生的焊接煙塵吸進(jìn)除塵器內(nèi)部過濾系統(tǒng)，過濾后的潔凈空氣重新排放到生產(chǎn)車間，煙塵則沉積到積灰抽屜。移動式焊煙凈化器由凈化器、吸氣臂和吸氣罩。

Welding fume purifier purification is a common dust removal method for workstation dust removal. Welding fume purifier is different from ordinary station dust removal. When purifying smoke and dust, welding fume purifier does not need to install a centralized pipeline. It sucks the welding fume generated by a single station into the internal filtration system of the dust collector, and the filtered clean air is discharged back into the production workshop, while the smoke and dust are deposited in the ash drawer. The mobile welding smoke purifier consists of a purifier, suction arm, and suction hood.

焊接煙塵凈化器的設(shè)計原理：風(fēng)機(jī)運(yùn)行時，煙塵氣體由進(jìn)風(fēng)口進(jìn)到除塵設(shè)備，在除塵設(shè)備內(nèi)氣流被強(qiáng)制性更改風(fēng)向且流速降低，煙塵隨氣流穿過濾筒時，被濾筒過濾而阻留在其表層，凈化后的氣體由濾筒內(nèi)上升進(jìn)到中筒體，經(jīng)風(fēng)機(jī)從風(fēng)出口經(jīng)活性炭過濾棉再次過濾排出，當(dāng)濾筒表層煙塵較多時，打開脈沖開關(guān)，脈沖噴吹控制儀開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，電磁脈沖閥工作，使氣包內(nèi)的壓縮空氣經(jīng)噴吹管噴高速噴到濾筒內(nèi)，同時誘導(dǎo)數(shù)倍于噴射氣量的周邊空氣進(jìn)到濾筒，導(dǎo)致濾筒內(nèi)瞬時正壓，使積附在濾筒表層的煙塵受重力影響，落入灰斗中，可在停止設(shè)備運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)后將灰斗內(nèi)灰塵清理。

The design principle of welding smoke and dust purifier: When the fan is running, the smoke and dust gas enters the dust removal equipment from the air inlet. The airflow inside the dust removal equipment is forced to change the direction of the wind and the flow rate decreases. When the smoke and dust pass through the filter cartridge with the airflow, it is filtered by the filter cartridge and remains on its surface. The purified gas rises from the filter cartridge and enters the middle cylinder. It is then filtered and discharged again by the fan through activated carbon filter cotton at the air outlet. When there is a lot of smoke and dust on the surface of the filter cartridge, Turn on the pulse switch, the pulse blowing control device starts to operate, and the electromagnetic pulse valve works. The compressed air inside the air bag is sprayed into the filter cartridge at high speed through the blowing pipe, while inducing several times the amount of injected air to enter the filter cartridge. This causes an instantaneous positive pressure inside the filter cartridge, causing the smoke and dust accumulated on the surface of the filter cartridge to be affected by gravity and fall into the ash hopper. After stopping the equipment operation, the dust inside the ash hopper can be cleaned.

(2)工位集中除塵

(2) Centralized dust removal at work station

普通的工位除塵是在生產(chǎn)車間內(nèi)部鋪裝通風(fēng)風(fēng)管，在焊接工位設(shè)置通風(fēng)口，在生產(chǎn)車間外部設(shè)置大功率風(fēng)機(jī)，將電焊焊接時導(dǎo)致的煙塵靠風(fēng)機(jī)的吸力有通風(fēng)口吸進(jìn)，再利用氣體輸送選用管路集中排出生產(chǎn)車間。生產(chǎn)車間內(nèi)部與通風(fēng)口壓力對比，處在微正壓。因為空氣流向是以高壓到低壓，電焊焊接產(chǎn)生的煙塵就會隨氣流進(jìn)到通風(fēng)風(fēng)管。選用這類方法，通風(fēng)口與煙塵源較近，蔓延的煙塵大大減少，對煙塵的吸進(jìn)比例較高。因為煙塵蔓延減少，生產(chǎn)車間空氣狀況大大改進(jìn)，職工吸進(jìn)煙塵的概率大幅度降低。缺點是須要在生產(chǎn)車間內(nèi)部鋪裝較長的管路，不便于改造施工，設(shè)計不合理可能會導(dǎo)致后期維護(hù)保養(yǎng)不便。而且管路和焊接煙塵采集點全是固定不動的，離集塵點越遠(yuǎn)，收集的實際效果就越差。

Ordinary station dust removal involves laying ventilation ducts inside the production workshop, installing ventilation openings at the welding station, and installing high-power fans outside the production workshop. The smoke and dust generated during welding are sucked in through the ventilation openings through the suction of the fans, and then discharged from the production workshop using pipelines for gas transportation. The pressure inside the production workshop is slightly positive compared to the vent pressure. Because the air flow direction is from high pressure to low pressure, the smoke and dust generated by welding will flow into the ventilation duct with the air. By using this type of method, the ventilation opening is closer to the smoke and dust source, greatly reducing the spread of smoke and dust, and the proportion of smoke and dust suction is higher. Due to the reduced spread of smoke and dust, the air conditions in the production workshop have greatly improved, and the probability of employees inhaling smoke and dust has significantly decreased. The disadvantage is that long pipelines need to be laid inside the production workshop, which is not convenient for renovation construction. Improper design may lead to inconvenience in later maintenance and upkeep. Moreover, the pipelines and welding smoke and dust collection points are all fixed, and the farther away they are from the dust collection point, the worse the actual collection effect.

在實際運(yùn)用中，需根據(jù)廠房結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)車間大小、電焊焊接點位置分布等計算、設(shè)計和布局管路、選擇風(fēng)機(jī)，是一項較為復(fù)雜的工程。新的工位除塵選用了分散化的煙塵凈化器，就近對焊接煙塵進(jìn)行了過濾處理，實際效果很好，凈化后的空氣直接循環(huán)進(jìn)到生產(chǎn)車間，降低了能源消耗。

In practical application, it is a complex project to calculate, design, and layout pipelines and select fans based on the structure of the factory building, the size of the production workshop, and the distribution of welding points. The new station adopts a decentralized smoke and dust purifier for dust removal, which filters welding smoke and dust nearby. The actual effect is very good, and the purified air is directly circulated into the production workshop, reducing energy consumption.

(3)整體或者局部排煙

(3) Overall or partial smoke exhaust

具體是利用生產(chǎn)車間頂端排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)裝置將焊接煙塵隨空氣一同從生產(chǎn)車間底部排出。該方法是利用在生產(chǎn)車間房頂適合的位置安裝送風(fēng)和排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)裝置，利用送風(fēng)和排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)，促使生產(chǎn)車間煙塵氣流朝著排風(fēng)系統(tǒng)的方向流動，從生產(chǎn)車間頂端排出。

Specifically, the top exhaust system of the production workshop is used to exhaust welding smoke and dust along with the air from the bottom of the production workshop. This method utilizes the installation of air supply and exhaust system devices at suitable positions on the roof of the production workshop. By utilizing the air supply and exhaust system, the smoke and dust airflow in the production workshop flows in the direction of the exhaust system and is discharged from the top of the production workshop.